crosby



UNITED sTATEs l. o o. CROSBY, OE NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT.

MACHINE FOB`STICKING PIN`S ONT PAPER.

specification of Letieisratent No. 8,007, dated April 1, 1851. l

To' all whom imag concern:

- Be itlknown that I, CHAUNGEY O. CROSBY,

jofNew Haven, inthe county ofA New Haven,

in `the State of Connecticut, have. invented a new. and useful machinefor. sticking pins crosswise` of narrow` fillets or ribbons of paper inlorder for andA preparatory to winding` the llet endwise, `and sorolling, coiling, or wrapping ittogether in that direction into compactbody by consecutive and suc` i the sheet,-for this is old and wellknown,-

cessive operations of the same machine` The nature of this machine is toreceive the pins in` a promiscuous mass,that is, heads` and points`lyingin all directions `ir regularly,an d reducing them to order, `andbringing them` forward `from the shoe through. a feeding channel to aseparator, which drops them separatelyf-one by one, at `regularintervals of time, into a proper channel before the punch, which thrustsforward at corresponding intervals, and at each thrust shoves a pin,pointforward, across the face, orperipheryof the large crimping roller,`which carriesthe fillet paper,-which has just passedunder `the upper orsmaller crimping roller, the` two projecting `ribs around which havedepressed two longitudinalfcrimps of the llet into the two channels inthe face Of the large `one and the 1` i dress-makers,-and for all thevarious purl poses for which pins are used.4 And my macrirnps in thefilletremain in their channels tothe sticking point`,or where thepin,be-` ing` thrust across theiface of thelarge crimpingf roller, piercesthe two crimps and thus is stuck, or attached to the llet,-which stillmoves forward. `with the `face o f thel large crimpingwheel or roller,by an inter-1 niitting nivementffs'tanding still a moment at thesticking of each pin, and `progressing always ha y in the times betweenthe stickingof each,

to the place where` the fillet, with the pins inserted in it, is coiled,or wound up, into compact body, or bodies of any convenient size, and byany ofthe devices which are common to machinists `zf--thoughlf prefertomove the revolving` coil by the moving face ofthe crimpingfwheel orroller which will ethe proper superficial speed of motion."`

The pins being stuck. at right angles or transversely` across both the.fillet` and the longitudinal crilnps Orridges 1n it, and their.

bodies lying parallel to the axis of the coil,

will ofcourse presentl their heads` on the Piel-1e@ Perhaps eemimes@little Cemex or conical) faceor facesof, the coil, on one or both edges`(as the case may be)l ofthe llet, whether it may be rolled. up, `coiledor p wrapped together in the foregolng manner, or `in other regularways.

The novelty of my `invention consists not in sticking or inserting thepins through two parallel ridges,` crimps, or folds of paper raisedcrosswise of the broad sheet, the length of the pin lyinglengthwise ofcrimps lengthwise and the pins crosswise,`

not Of a sheen-but a narrow ribbon or llet ofpaper, not necessarily muchwider than the length of a pin of suchsize as is intendi ed to be stuckin it :.-And by the old modes thepins and their heads are altogetheren-l out unfolding it; and the sheets are `folded endwise'of jthe pinsfrom both the ends of the sheet to its center, and this folding up hasbeen hitherto performed` by hand. i But by Vmy improvedmachine andmethod, the fillet and pins are so" combined as aforesaid for coiling,and coiled into compact bodies or l rolls,so rendering them much moreconven-` ienltly accessible for use in the toilet,-for

rbuti'on of the pins, and to their liability to.A

obstructions by trifling want of straightness, or other'small defects inthem,-which Obstructions A.and interruptions are in a great `measureobviated by my separators, and

other improved arrangements hereinafter" described. i i i l ToenableOthers skilled in machinery for sticking or papering pins, to make`andfuse this machine, Inow proceed to `describe the parts, constructionand `operation thereof.

In the "sectional drawings hereto annexed andforming a part ofthisdescription- Fig-- ure l, represents a perpendicular `view or planI of`the` machine, in which A, A, show the two plates or sides of the frame;.and B, shows one of the four studs which bind the folded into'theparcel, and, inaccessible with` f frame together :-the principal parts Imake of cast iron,-the frame is about two feet high and two feet wide,and about l foot deep, exclusive of the high post, which stands abouttwo feet in the rear of the principal frame, marked E.

c, c, c, c, represent braces to sustain the high post, and connect it tothe frame ;-in this, or other suitable frame the principal moving partsare,-a main shaft F, with cams and pulleys on it ,-the smallest cam isplaced at g, and gives two motions to a Vleverandr urger, or lever withelbow in it,

shown at z', z', in Fig. 3 which moves a dog e, which acts upon a largeratchet-wheel H, I-I, in front of the machine, and moves it forward twonotches for each revolution of F, the main shaft g-in this large ratchetwheel it is proper to have about 288 teeth or notches, or as many, or afew more, than the number of pins generally stuck in what is called apaper of pins, and for that. number the wheel may be about 2O inchesdiameter,-but these numbers and dimensions may be varied at discretion.The wheel is, by the dog, made to revolve with an intermittingmotion,-and while it rests, a pin is stuckit. then moves forward onenotch and rests, and another pin is stuck, and so on in like manner. Onthe shaft S, of the ratchetwheel is the large crimping wheel J, which isabout the same diameter as the ratchetwheel, and about one inch thick,or broad on its face or periphery, having two channels turned around itin its face, as at 0, o, of the form of a transverse section of thefillet after it is suitably crimped. Above or upon this large crimpingwheel is placed a smaller one of like breadth of face, and having twoprojections around it to match the depressions in the large one-thesmall roller is marked K, in Figs. l and 3. The fillet is crimped byrunning between these 'wheels as rollers, moderately pressed together,in alengthwise direction.

Vhen the first end of the fillet is entered between the crimping rollersat K, it passes onward and the ridges of pape-r are pressed into thechannels of the large wheel continuously, and remain and pass on withlthe wheel to the place where the pin is stuck at which place the pin isthrust forward from the channel into which it had been dropped by theseparator,-and being thrust forward across, and close in contact with,the face of the channeled crimping wheel, and under the main breadth ofthe fillet, while its criinps are depressed, and the pin pierces throughthe bases of the crnnps or ridges and so is stuck.

In this machine I have no need of clamps, bars, nor jaws to open andshut to form the crimped ridges and to hold the paper while the pins areinserted-as have been needed and used heretofore in all other kinds ofpin-sticking machines ;-but

my crimping wheels or rollers, before described, press only one point ata time, which is continually moving lengthwise,-or the fillet by movingpast this point forms the lines of crimped ridges. It should be furtherknown, that the greatest pressure between the rollers should be on themiddle part of the fillet, between the two ridges,- for if otherwise, itwere to be pressed and -holden by its edges, the raising of the ridgesmight split and tear the paper.

To describe more particularly the feedingV Y parts and movements of thismachina-,by which the pins are reduced to order` and brought forwardthrough the feed channel to the separator, and by this to the placewhere they are dropped for sticking-I will describe the parts and theiruses.

The long conical rollers R, R, extend backward and upward to the highpost E, and are geared together at their upperand largest ends at X, X.and one of them has a neck bearing extending back, beyond the post, toreceive a pulley by which both are moved z-these rollers may vary indimensions,-but I make them about 2 feet long and from 1J,- to 2 inchesdiameter at their longest ends,-and about one half or threeeighths of aninch at their smallest ends,- with straight sides,-or regularly taperedfrom end to end,-and set at a small distance apart on their innersidesbut little more than the diameter of the pin-wire, but not farenough to permit the heads of the pins to fall through between them,-they must revolve upward upon their inner sides, tending to liftthepins, and have a moderate motion from the pulley u, u. The elevationof these rollers may vary considerably, depending on the speed at whichthey revolve,-and tmay be between 15o and 25 from horizontal, so thatpins thrown promiscuously upon the trough-like depression between themat the higher ends-being agitated by the revolving rollers, the wire orbody of them will successively fall through the free space between them,and hanging by their heads, will descend through this whole length ofthe channel.

I prefer the conical form of feeding rollers for several reasons asbeing much lbetter suited to this use than cylindric rollers would be,because I want a diminishing velocit-y in the descent of the column ofpins in the feed channels,-which is the free space or opening betweenthe rollers,-and although different degrees of elevation will producedifferent degrees of rapidity in the descent of the column, yetit willbe accelerated or retarded alike in its whole length; and increasedrotary velocity of cylindric rollers will also increase the velocity ofde-v scent,-and still in like manner uniformlybut the superficial rotaryvelocity of conesl diminishes from the largest to the smallest were toarrange several pairs of them in suc-A ends,-and at any suitableelevation, will cause the upper part of the column to advance fasterthan the lower end of it, tending thereby, naturally, and of its ownaccord to bring the pins in the column into close order at its lowerend,-which it is desirable and beneficial to do in order that theseparator may be sure to have its regular supplyg-'and to do thiswithout too much pressure on the lowest pins of the column-for if theyare too much crowded anywhere in the lower: part of the column, some ofthem will rise up out of their regular rank in the 'column and produce"dis-` order. t y

It is also desirable and benecial to have a. wider and deeper troughl ordepression between the rollers at their upper` ends, where the `pins arefirst fed in, or laid on in a promiscuous manner,-and there `let as manyas will take their orderly position, and the whole, whether reducedtoorder ornot should pass oft descendingly, as soon as may be, to giveplace to a new supply of feed:-l

and it is desirable also thatthe trough-like depression between therollers should be narrower and shallower below,lin`order moreconveniently, tothrow off the unarranged and surplus pins, laterallyover one or both of the cones ,-andthe greater part of such must beconsistent with itself, and can be so, because the separator controlsthe number l and times of delivery of the pins.

surplus` will throwitself oby this means, where the cones are small.icial resultsarefobtained (and more might be named if necessary) by`using the conical form of rollers, which wouldV not be as well obtainedby usingcylindric ones ;-v`unle`ss` I cession,-of differentdiameters,-`and geared to revolveat differentrates of speechand lappinglike steps, one pair above anothen T 7. Harvey@ cylindric rollersmaylarl-` swer his purposewell enough l for arrangt ing screw-blanks tand other similar articles,-which `have `heads but no lsharppoints,-because such articles can be fenced in and'retainedV withinproperor assigned limits,--but pins are not easily so rest-rainedbecause their sharp points will enter, wedgelikef under almost anyfences which will permit the free motion of the rollers,especially whenthe motion of the rollers tends to draw the points under the `fence orfences, and by so doing thepins are liable tolodge, and makeobstructions to the `feed,-which any articles not having sharp pointswould not do; The upper ends'of` my cones form a depression between`them large enoughto form all the hopper I need, and I use nothing likefences. l

At the lower t ends of the cones, orthe lower end of the feeding channelandf eX- tending from that point nearto the punch channel, where thepins vare droppedfor sticking, and inclining in the same direction asthe feed roller, but nearer perpendicular,

All these beneseparator, which is marked a, and b, in Figs. t

l and 3, and consists of a screw a, much resembling a wood-screw, whichhas a sharp knife-like thread, `especially at its upper end, and thechannel between its threads should be cut deep as compared with the bodyand thread remaining ;-yet not so deep' and broad as to permit the headof a pin to pass through it.' This screw is set a few degrees fromperpendicular, inclining towardl the feed channel, and made `to revolveclose to a small stud ofbrass or steel, 6,-the upper andouter corner ofwhich stud ranges a little forward of `its nearest approximation to thescrew,-this screw and stud, or the spaces between them, connect-or forma continuation and termination of` the feedchannel, and although itsfirst `or upper thread, obstructs and prevents the decent of the columnof pins above it, when the screw is not revolvingyet when it isrevolving,

itwill take one pin, and only one (if it is single threaded)` at eachrevolution, carrying andholding as many pins as there are threads in itslengt-h, and depositing them regularly as they arerequired to beinserted or stuck; and though the train of calculation may be variedlike clock-work, at the discretion of the machinist, yeteach-train t I`have arranged this machine to stick two pins at 'each turn of the mainshaft, and as .the screw 1s single threaded, it revolves twice! for eachturn of it, and as I use a single punch to thrust in the pins, it must tact twice for one of the main shaft,-and

the largeratchetwheel and the crimping wheel must be moved twice,'a`ndrest twice in the Sametime ,-and in like manner, differing according todifferent calculationswhich may be easily made and equally good.

I find it best to cut 0H' the thread of the screw, leaving only its body`or stem for about half an inch at its upper .and lower ends, so thatthe pin (especially its head end) may fall a little way by its owngravity from the feed channel into the separator, and also from theseparator into the punchchannel, because the pins hang so that thepoints advance a little forward of the head ends in both of theseplaces.

The upper end of the separator should be set a little backward and underthe lower endsof the conical rollersV-.and the screw is made to revolve(outward, on t-he side near the stud) by a bevel gear, f, on the mainshaft I*`,\which connects with another bevel gear d, on a shaft inclineddownward,

extending? under the table,-showing, by

gearing are partially shown in side eleva' tion F ig. 2 at a and J-andalso in front elevation F ig. 8 at and a.

The main shaft F, has on it the large sidecam M, which gives two motionsto a turn, to the lever P, and thence moves the thrusting punch whichslides between the plates at a in the channel where the pin is droppedfor sticking; this punch has an endwise motion full equal tothree-fourths of the length of a pin. The main shaft has also upon it acam g, shown by dotted lines behind the main pulleys, which gives twomotions to a turn, to a bent lever or elbow mark z', z', which moves thedog, which moves forward the ratchet wheel as before described. The mainshaft has also upon it the pulleys s, s, which by a band, drives theunder shaft D,-which shaft extends back to and by the high post E,*andon the back end of D, is a pulley which bands upward to pulley V, anddrives the conical feed rollers R, R, before described.

To wind up the fillet, after it is stuck or set with the pins-it iscarried onward by the large crimping roller, beyond the sticking point,or place of insertion, to any convenient place on the periphery of it,where a small shaft or spindle may be laid across the face of thisroller, and the weight of the coiling spindle resting upon the face ofthe rollen-the first end of the fillet being slightly attached to thespindle, it will revolve by its contact with t-he face of this crimpingroller, and so roll or coil the fillet into a compact body as fast as itis stuck and brought forward ,-and the movement of the face of thisroller is always right for this purpose, if there is no slipping at theplace of contactr-it is obvious that the ceiling spindle must be so hungas to permit it to rise from the roller as the coil accumulates, and itsra dius of course increases.

IVith this machine it may often be desirable to wind up the coils in amuch larger body than the contents of a common paper of pins, with aView to re-rolling them afterwards;-by that means it can be left at workfor considerable time without personal attendance, for it can be workedby water or other power as hereinbefore suggested.

There isrepresented in Fig. 3, as seen at L, a small plain hand rollerto hold the fillet down to the large crimping roller, at, or very nearthe place where the pin is being inserted, this small roller is nearlyif not altogether useless, and I generally leave it off. In the machinewhich I have now fully and exactly described for sticking pins crosswiseof narrow fillets of paper, to pre,- pare it when so stuck, forwindingg-and winding the same into coils,-there are several parts whichare common, or such as have been used by others-*which I do not claimseparately nor in other combinations.

I do not claim the upper feeding channel, or inclined conductors whenmade of straight bars,--nor cylinders with parallel sides,which havebeen used for conducting wood screws and similar headed articles, northe downward curved conductors, nor any other feeding channels, unlessthey are combined with the conical form of rollers, or the separator.

I do not claim the crimps, nor any peculiarity in inserting the pinsthrough them, if made crosswise of the sheet and the pins insertedlengthwise of it,-and not crosswise of both the crimps and fillet, orridges raised in it.

I do not claim nor use any kind of crimping bars, jaws, or clamps, asthey have been heretofore used. And generally I wish it to be distinctlyunderstood thatI do not limit myself to the precise form or arrangementof parts, nor the particular devices for moving them for these may bemuch varied without changing the principle of my invention as set forth,-nor do I limit myself to the single process of inserting only one pinat once, on only one edge of the fillet, for on the same principles,with only circumstantial variations ofthe machinery I can insert severalpins at once on the same edge of the fillet,-or on both edges of it;-and other similar variations can be made by any competent machinistwithoutany essential or substantial variation from the character of myinvention, as vherein described and setforth.

l. I do claim the conical form of rollers to constitute my feedingchannel fo-r arranging the pins and moving' them forward` in thechannel, with the most suitably decreasing rates of descending velocityas herein described. y

2. I do claim also as my improvement and invention, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, the combination of the parts and the adaptation of mymachine for feeding the pins, separating and delivering them, crimpingthe fillet, and sticking the pins crosswise of such llet and finallyrolling the fillet into a` coil, substantially in the manner described.

3. -I claim also the screw separator as described, placed in the feedingchannel, to restrain the natural descent of the column of pins, so thatthey may be delivered as fast, and no faster than they are required forsticking, substantially as herein described and set forth.

C. O. CROSBY. Vitnesses:

IsAAo KELLOGG, JAMES D. WooDroRn.

